Digestion & GI health

Could yeast be disturbing your digestion?

• What is a systemic yeast infection (candidiasis)?
• How digestive yeast infections affect your gut
• Healing systemic yeast through a yeast-free diet

Pam first came to see me after experiencing eight long years of miserable digestive symptoms. From diarrhea, bloating, and gas to fatigue and insomnia, she was more than eager to find some answers. She’d seen a succession of doctors, including a gastroenterologist who had diagnosed her with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), given her medication, and recommended Metamucil. Like so many women with similar digestive complaints, Pam had tried this regimen, to little effect.

As Pam told me her story, tears sprung to her eyes. She felt that no one had taken her seriously before. The unfortunate truth is that many well-intentioned conventional practitioners have not been taught how to get to the root of digestive imbalances, particularly when it comes to yeast overgrowth in the gut. After my comprehensive work-up, Pam’s stool analysis confirmed the presence of parasites, systemic yeast infection, and imbalanced bacterial flora — so I reassured her that her symptoms all made perfect sense.

The best news is that Pam was able to clear her systemic yeast in a matter of months, and is now enjoying a wide variety of foods with no symptoms at all. Let’s take a closer look at how yeast overgrowth can disrupt your digestion, and how to rebalance your gut terrain to keep yeast in check — and associated symptoms to a minimum.

What is a systemic yeast infection (candidiasis)?

Women often equate yeast infections with vaginal yeast, rarely connecting yeast with what’s going on in their gut. Candida albicans is a fungal organism that is present in virtually everyone’s intestinal tract in small amounts. In a healthy gut, it is kept under control by normal immune system activity and beneficial microbes such as intestinal lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, and others, including competitive yeasts. An intestinal environment that supports optimal balance between these myriad populations can easily be upset by such factors as:

• A diet high in refined carbohydrates and unhealthy fats
• Inadequate dietary fiber
• Impaired immune function (typically due to stress or illness)
• Use of medication such as antibiotics, steroids, birth control or other hormonal therapy
• Environmental or food sensitivities

Like any opportunist, Candida albicans will take advantage when conditions permit. Once that balance is upset, this organism is more likely to change form and proliferate, invading and colonizing our body tissues. Although it may first come to our attention in the form of a vaginal yeast infection or as oral thrush, Candida albicans can spread and become a serious problem — causing diverse symptoms not just in the reproductive or digestive systems but in multiple other systems in the body (see box).

Yeast sensitivity, sugar cravings, and your digestion

When Candida proliferates, it changes form, morphing from a simple, relatively harmless one into one that is capable of penetrating the intestinal lining. This elicits low-grade inflammation in the gut and causes breakdown of the boundary between the intestinal tract and the circulatory system. Known as leaky gut, increased intestinal permeability allows incompletely digested food particles and yeast cells to pass through and enter the blood stream. The immune system soon identifies these large particles as foreign, and ramps itself up to deal with them.

In part, food sensitivities and allergies are thought to develop as a result of this process — the invaders that make it across the gut into the blood get labeled as dangerous, and the immune system remembers them the next time it encounters them, and reacts accordingly. People with candidiasis may need to avoid foods containing other yeasts and fungi from their diets because of this cross-sensitivity — the molecular subcomponents they contain are similar or identical to those found in Candida, so the immune system cannot distinguish between them and responds accordingly.

Uncomfortable digestive symptoms like bloating, gas, and bubbling in the gut arise because an overgrowth of yeast leads to the fermentation of foods instead of the digestion of foods. Along with these unpleasant symptoms, yeasts ferment sugars into alcohol, which destabilizes blood sugar and leads to intense cravings for more sugar. I find it fascinating that these tiny organisms can get us to do exactly what they want us to do — eat more carbs and sugar!

Many of my patients with yeast issues fear that they will never again be able to eat sweets, carbohydrates, or anything containing yeast, but such stringent measures are usually only needed for a time. Most women find that once they remove the conditions that favor yeast overgrowth, they can once again enjoy these foods without going overboard.

Minimize yeast — an at-home approach

It’s empowering to know that yeast is only thriving in your gut because of the current environment and that when you change the environment, you can make a yeast infection go away. To change the environment in your gut, I encourage you to use a combination approach, including dietary changes, supplements, and lifestyle changes that provide a natural remedy for candidiasis.

When beginning dietary and other changes to reduce yeast, you may notice that your symptoms suddenly worsen. This toxic feeling, which generally lasts about 7–10 days, may be caused by the Herxheimer or “die-off” reaction. Symptoms may also return if you eat something unknowingly that rejuvenates yeast. If you feel symptoms of bloating, gas, or stomach upset for whatever reason, you can lessen your discomfort by taking activated charcoal tablets with the onset of symptoms. Be sure to drink ample amounts of water, and, as your digestive system allows, include plenty of dietary fiber.

You may want to add a natural soluble fiber supplement to your daily regime, such as a psyllium husk powder. Simply stir a tablespoon or so into a glass of soy, nut or cow’s milk, or blend it into a smoothie. (I recommend avoiding Metamucil as it contains artificial ingredients and is far more costly than natural psyllium husks.) This amount of fiber can be difficult for some who are just beginning to heal their digestive distress, but is something to work up to as you feel better.

Here’s what I recommend to minimize systemic yeast:

• Follow a healthy yeast-free diet. Maintain a diet high in whole foods, particularly with plenty of colorful, fiber-rich vegetables, regular moderate amounts of protein, moderate healthy fats, and virtually no simple sugars. Ideally the diet needs to be free of artificial coloring, flavoring, or fillers, as well as sweeteners. Those with Candida need to go on a yeast-free diet until they complete the initial healing phase. See our guidelines for a yeast-free diet.
• Replenish essential nutrients. Many women who have struggled with yeast over the long-term also have nutritional deficiencies as a result of poor nutrient digestion and absorption. To help compensate for this, take a high-quality multivitamin/mineral complex daily. If you have yeast, you will do best with one that is formulated to be highly bioavailable and easily digested, like the one we offer in our Personal Program. Also be sure you’re getting vitamin C, vitamin B12, vitamin D, and omega-3’s.
• Add a probiotic. Repopulate your gut with friendly microbes that displace Candida and help to digest your food, rather than ferment it. For more details, see our article on probiotics, which includes guidelines on how to choose a good probiotic supplement.
• Explore natural and prescription antifungals. There are numerous natural antifungals found in the natural world (see box). When necessary, effective but strong prescription medications can also be called upon. I sometimes prescribe Diflucan and alternate it with Nystatin if symptoms persist.
• Consider a stool analysis. Yeast syndrome is still poorly understood, and it can be misdiagnosed in both conventional and alternative circles. So please be sure to talk with your practitioner about all your options, and ask for a Comprehensive Digestive Stool Analysis first, to confirm the presence of yeast.

You are unique — and so is your relationship with yeast

It’s important to remember that we are all unique and our symptoms, reactions, and healing times are, too. This is particularly true with yeast issues, and for this reason the layered approach I’ve described works very well. Some women notice wonderful changes by simply changing their diets, others succeed with natural antifungal, and still others will require prescription medication. In a recent article on yeast, functional medicine practitioner Dr. Mark Hyman wrote:

In medical school, we are taught that you either have a disease or you don’t. It’s black and white. However, our bodies weren’t designed with an “on” or “off” switch for disease. All diseases occur in shades of gray along a continuum of imbalance...

This is such an important lesson for all of us. There’s a spectrum to all wellness and disease. Find the place where you feel best, and remember how you got there. You don’t have to completely eliminate your body of yeast. You just have to contain it so that you feel well. With some time and deliberate modifications, you will be feeling better than ever!

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Related to this article:

References & further reading on systemic yeast/candidiasis

 

Last Modified Date: 05/09/2011
Principal Author: Marcelle Pick, OB/GYN NP