Menopause & perimenopause
Phytotherapy — References and further reading
References
1 Starfield, B. 2000. Is US health really the best in the world? JAMA, 284 (4), 483–485. URL (limited access): http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/284/4/483 (accessed 02.11.2008).
Leape, L. 1992. Unnecessary surgery. Annu. Rev. Public Health, 13, 363–383.
Phillips, D., et al. 1998. Increase in US medication-error deaths between 1983 and 1993. Lancet, 351, 643–644.
Lazarou, J., et al. 1998. Incidence of adverse drug reactions in hospitalized patients. JAMA, 279, 1200–1205.
Weingart, S., et al. 2000. Epidemiology and medical error. BMJ, 320, 774–777.
The Cancer Cure Foundation. Medical errors — a leading cause of death. URL: http://www.cancure.org/medical_errors.htm (accessed 02.06.2008).
2 The World Health Organization. 2003. WHO | Traditional Medicine. Fact Sheet No. 134. URL: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs134/en/ (accessed 02.11.2008).
3 Wikipedia. 2008. Endocrine system. URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endocrine_system (accessed 01.23.2008).
4 Collins, J. Winter, 2006. Phytotherapeutic management of endocrine dysfunctions. NutriNews, pp. 1–4, 6–8. URL: http://www.douglaslabs.com/pdf/nutrinews%5CEndocrine%20Dysfunctions.pdf (accessed 12.19.2007).
5 Hudson, Tori. 2006. Menopause Botanicals. URL: http://torihudson.com/?page_id=25 (accessed 02.11.2008).
6 Wikipedia.org. 2008. Kudzu. URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kudzu (accessed 02.11.2008).
7 Wikipedia.org. 2008. URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passion_flower (accessed 02.11.2008).
8 Newton, K., et al. 2006. Treatment of vasomotor symptoms of menopause with black cohosh, multibotanicals, soy, hormone therapy, or placebo. Ann. Int. Med., 145 (12), 869–879. URL (full access): http://www.annals.org/cgi/content/full/145/12/869 (accessed 02.11.2008).
9 Botto, L., & Yang, Q. 2000. 5,10–Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene variants and congenital anomalies: A HuGE review. Am. J. Epidem., 151 (9), 862. URL (full text): http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/151/9/862 (accessed 02.11.2008).
Esfahani et al. 2003. Heterogeneity in the prevalence of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphisms in women of different ethnic groups. J. Am. Diet. Assoc., 103 (2), 200-207.
10 Mai, Z., et al. 2007. Soy phytochemicals synergistically enhance the preventive effect of tamoxifen on the growth of estrogen-dependent human breast carcinoma in mice. Carcinogenesis, 28 (6), 1217–1223. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17234721 (accessed 02.11.2008).
Limer, J. & Speris, V. 2004. Phyto-oestrogens and breast cancer chemoprevention. Breast Cancer Res., 6 (3), 119–127. URL (full text): http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pubmed&pubmedid=15084232 (accessed 02.08.2008).
Magee, P. & Rowland, I. 2004. Phyto-oestrogens, their mechanism of action: Current evidence for a role in breast and prostate cancer. Br. J. Nutr., 91 (4), 513–531. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15035679 (accessed 02.08.2008).
Adlercreutz, H. 2002. Phyto-oestrogens and cancer. Lancet Oncol. 3 (6), 364–373. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12107024 (accessed 02.08.2008).
Collins, J. 2000. Discover Your Menopause Type, pp. 212–219. NY: Three Rivers Press.
Messina, M, et al. 1994. Soy intake and cancer risk: A review of the in vitro and in vivo data. Nutr. Cancer, 21 113–131.
11 Atteritano, M., et al. 2007. Effects of the phytoestrogen genistein on some predictors of cardiovascular risk in osteopenic, postmenopausal women: a two-year randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 92 (8), 3068–3075. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17682090 (accessed 02.11.2008).
Zhang, X., et al. 2003. Soy food consumption is associated with lower risk of coronary heart disease in Chinese women. J. Nutr., 133 (9), 2874–2878. URL (full text): http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/133/9/2874 (accessed 02.11.2008).
Potter S, et al. 1998. Soy protein and isoflavones: Their effects on blood lipids and bone density in postmenopausal women. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 68 (Suppl.), 1375S–1379S.
12 Ma, D., et al. 2008. Soy isoflavone intake increases bone mineral density in the spine of menopausal women: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin. Nutr., 27 (1), 57–64. URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18063230 (accessed 02.18.2008).
Ma, D., et al. 2008. Soy isoflavone intake inhibits bone resorption and stimulates bone formation in menopausal women: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr., 62 (2), 155–161. URL (full access): http://www.nature.com/ejcn/journal/v62/n2/full/1602748a.html (accessed 02.11.2008).
Marini, H., et al. 2007. Effects of the phytoestrogen genistein on bone metabolism in osteopenic postmenopausal women: A randomized trial. Ann. Intern. Med., 146 (12), 839–847. URL (full access PDF): http://www.annals.org/cgi/reprint/146/12/839.pdf (accessed 02.11.2008).
Further reading
- For more information on medicinal herbs, we encourage you to visit the Natural Standard website. Natural Standard is an international research collaboration that aggregates and synthesizes data on integrative medicine, offering an expansive resource on complementary and alternative therapies, including phytotherapy: www.naturalstandard.com
- For more answers to questions on the minds of women regarding the safety and efficacy of medicinal herbs, you may wish to visit the FAQ page on herbs at the website of the American Herbal Products Association (AHPA), whose mission includes supporting the responsible commerce of herbal products and ensuring that consumers enjoy informed access to herbal products.
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Phytotherapy
Original Publication Date: 02/11/2008
Last Modified: 09/30/2008
Principal Author: Marcella Sweet