Urinary tract infections
References & further reading
1 Jhamb, M., et al. 2007. Urinary tract diseases and bladder cancer risk: A case-control study. Cancer Causes & Control [Epub ahead of print]. URL (abstract): http://www.springerlink.com/content/u37604140w7117n7/ (accessed 07.19.2007).
2 La Vecchia, C., et al. 1991. Genital and urinary tract diseases and bladder cancer. Cancer Res., 51 (2), 629–631.
3 Janković & Radosavljević. 2007. Risk factors for bladder cancer. Tumori, 93 (1), 4–12. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch
=17455864 (accessed 07.19.2007).
4 Wikipedia.org. 2007. Urinary tract infection. URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinary_tract_infection (accessed 08.06.2007).
5 Howell, A., et al. 1998. Inhibition of the adherence of P-fimbriated Escherichia coli to uroepithelial-cell surfaces by proanthocyanidin extracts from cranberries. Correspondence NEJM, 339 (19), 1085–1086. URL: http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/339/15/1085 (accessed 08.06.2007).
6 University of Maryland Medical Center (UMMC). 2006. Urinary tract infection. URL: http://www.umm.edu/patiented/articles/what_risk_factors_urinary_tract_infections__000036_4.htm (accessed 08.06.2007).
7 Raz, R., & Stamm, W. 1993. A controlled trial of intravaginal estriol in postmenopausal women with recurrent urinary tract infections. NEJM, 329 (11), 753–756. URL: http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/329/11/753?ijkey=
46ce5700ccea13a4c3c0bf52a51de89c2b1ca597 (accessed 08.06.2007).
8 Howes, D. e-Medicine — Urinary tract infection, female. URL: http://www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic626.htm (accessed 08.08.2007).
9 Nicolle, L. 2005. Urinary tract infection in diabetes. Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis., 18 (1), 49–53. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=PubMed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch
=15647700 (accessed 08.06.2007).
10 Karaunajeewa, H., et al. 2005. Asymptomatic bacteriuria as a predictor of subsequent hospitalisation with urinary tract infection in diabetic adults: The Fremantle Diabetes Study.
Diabetologia, 48 (7), 1288–1291. URL (abstract):
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=PubMed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch
=15918016(accessed 08.06.2007).
Hoepelman, et al. 2003. Pathogenesis and management of bacterial urinary tract infections in adult patients with diabetes mellitus. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents, 22 (Suppl. 2), 35–43. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=PubMed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch
=14527769 (accessed 08.06.2007).
11 Rutgers University. [No date listed.] Philip E. Marucci Center for Blueberry and Cranberry Research and Extension — Medicinal Research/Cranberries. URL: http://cook.rutgers.edu/~bluecran/medicinalresearchpage.htm (accessed 08.07.2007).
12 Wikipedia.org. 2007. Bearberry. URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bearberry (accessed 08.06.2007).
13 Foo, L., et al. 2000. A-type proanthocyanidin trimers from cranberry that inhibit adherence of uropathogenic P-fimbriated Escherichia coli. J. Nat. Prod., 63, 1225–1228. URL (abstract): http://pubs.acs.org/cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/jnprdf/2000/63/i09/abs/np000128u.html (accessed 06.20.2007).
14 Brown, J., et al. 2001. Urinary tract infections in postmenopausal women: Effect of hormone therapy and risk factors. Ob. Gyn., 98, 1045–1052. URL (full text): http://www.greenjournal.org/cgi/content/full/98/6/1045 (accessed 06.20.2007).
15 Falagas, M. et al. 2006. Probiotics for prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections in women: A review of the evidence from microbiological and clinical studies. Drugs, 66 (9), 1253–1261. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch
=16827601 (accessed 10.04.2007).
Marelli, G., et al. 2004. Lactobacilli for prevention of urogenital infections: A review. Eur. Rev. Med. Pharmacol. Sci., 8 (2), 87–95. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch
=15267122 (accessed 10.04.2007).
Reid, G., et al. 2003. Oral use of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and L. fermentum RC-14 significantly alters vaginal flora: Randomized, placebo-controlled trial. FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol., 25 (20), 131–134. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch
=12628548 (accessed 10.04.2007).
16 Uehara, S., et al. 2006. A pilot study evaluating the safety and effectiveness of Lactobacillus vaginal suppositories in patients with recurrent urinary tract infection. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents, 28, Suppl. 1, S30–S34. URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch
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Stop urinary tract infections
Original Publication Date: 08/23/2007
Last Modified: 02/16/2010
Principal Author: Marcella Sweet