Herbal Equilibrium™

Women to Women’s Herbal Equilibrium is doctor-formulated to be complete, natural, bioavailable, and manufactured to pharmaceutical standards. Please click here for more information.

The following articles, reviews and studies, arranged in order of recency, provide information concerning the clinical basis for using Women to Women’s Herbal Equilibrium.

References

Red clover

Coon, J., et al. 2007. Trifolium pratense isoflavones in the treatment of menopausal hot flushes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Phytomedicine, 14 (2–3), 153–159.

Booth, N., et al. 2006. Clinical studies of red clover (Trifolium pratense) dietary supplements in menopause: A literature review. Menopause, 13 (2), 251–264.

Imhof, M., et al. 2006. Effects of a red clover extract (MF11RCE) on endometrium and sex hormones in postmenopausal women. Maturitas, 55 (1), 76–81.

Lukaczer, D., et al. 2005. Clinical effects of a proprietary combination isoflavone nutritional supplement in menopausal women: A pilot trial. Altern. Ther. Health Med., 11 (5), 60–65.

Beck, V., et al. 2005. Phytoestrogens derived from red clover: An alternative to estrogen replacement therapy? J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 94 (5), 499–518.

Hidalgo, L. 2005. The effect of red clover isoflavones on menopausal symptoms, lipids and vaginal cytology in menopausal women: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Gynecol. Endocrinol., 21 (5), 257–264.

Simoncini, T., et al. 2005. Activation of nitric oxide synthesis in human endothelial cells by red clover extracts. Menopause, 12 (1), 69–77.

Ulbricht, C., and Basch, E., Eds. 2005. Natural Standard Herb & Supplement Reference: Evidence-based Clinical Reviews. Natural Standard Research Collaboration. NY: Elsevier Mosby.

Atkinson, C., et al. 2004. Red-clover-derived isoflavones and mammographic breast density: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial [ISRCTN42940165]. Breast Cancer Res., 6 (3), R170–179.

Campbell, M., et al. 2004. Effect of red clover-derived isoflavone supplementation on insulin-like growth factor, lipid and antioxidant status in healthy female volunteers: A pilot study. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr., 58, 173–179.

Lam, A., et al. 2004. Effect of red clover isoflavones on cox-2 activity in murine and human monocyte/macrophage cells. Nutr. Cancer, 49 (1), 89–93.

Powles, T. 2004. Isoflavones and women’s health. Breast Cancer Res., 6, 140–142.
Chan, H., et al. 2003. The red clover (Trifolium pratense) isoflavone biochanin A modulates the biotransformation pathways of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. Br. J. Nutr., 90 (1), 87–92.

Tice, J., et al. 2003. Phytoestrogen supplements for the treatment of hot flashes: The Isoflavone Clover Extract (ICE) Study: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 290 (2), 207–214.

Burdette, J., et al. 2002. Trifolium pratense (red clover) exhibits estrogenic effects in vivo in ovariectomized Sprague–Dawley rats. J. Nutr., 132 (1), 27–30.

Nelsen, J., et al. 2002. Red clover (Trifolium pratense) monograph: A clinical decision support tool. J. Herb. Pharm., 2, 49–72.

van de Weijer, P., & Barentsen, R. 2002. Isoflavones from red clover (Promensil) significantly reduce menopausal hot flush symptoms compared with placebo. Maturitas, 42 (3), 187–193.

Clifton–Bligh, P., et al. 2001. The effect of isoflavones extracted from red clover (Rimostil) on lipid and bone metabolism. Menopause, 8, 259–265.

Dornstauder, E., et al. 2001. Estrogenic activity of two standardized red clover extracts (Menoflavon) intended for large scale use in hormone replacement therapy. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 78 (1), 67–75.

Kelly, G., et al. 1998. Standardized red clover extract clinical monograph, pp 3–12. Seattle, WA: Natural Products Research Consultants, Inc.

Ashwagandha

Widido, N., et al. 2007. Selective killing of cancer cells by leaf extract of Ashwagandha: Identification of a tumor-inhibitory factor and the first molecular insights to its effect. Clin. Cancer Res., 13 (7), 2298–2306.

Naidu, P., et al. 2006. Effect of Withania somnifera root extract on reserpine-induced orofacial dyskinesia and cognitive dysfunction. Phytother. Res., 20 (2), 140–146.

Kuboyama, T., et al. 2005. Neuritic regeneration and synaptic reconstruction induced by withanolide A. Br. J. Pharmacol., 144 (7), 961–971.

Misra, L., et al. 2005. Unusually sulfated and oxygenated steroids from Withania somnifera. Phytochemistry, 66, 2702–2707.

[No authors listed.] 2004. Monograph. Withania somnifera. Altern. Med. Rev., 9 (2), 211–214.

Sreerekha, M., et al. 2004. Distribution of total withanolides in various plant parts of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) accessions as influenced by light and dark reaction cycle. J. Med. Aromatic Plant Sci., 26, 681–683.

Bhattacharya, S. , & Muruganandam, A. 2003. Adaptogenic activity of Withania somnifera: An experimental study using a rat model of chronic stress. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., 75, 547–555.
Iuvone, T., et al. 2003. Induction of nitric oxide synthase expression by Withania somnifera macrophages.

Ilayperuma, I., et al. 2002. Effect of Withania somnifera root extract on the sexual behaviour of male rats. Asian J. Androl., 4, 295–298.

Rajpal, V. 2002. Standardization of botanicals. New Delhi: Eastern Publishers.

Abdel–Magied, E., et al. 2001. The effect of aqueous extracts of Cynomorium coccineum and Withania somnifera on testicular development in immature Wistar rats. J. Ethnopharmacol., 75 (1), 1–4.

Dhuley, J. 2001. Nootropic-like effect of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera L.) in mice. Phytother Res., 15 (6):524–528.

Jain, S., et al. 2001. Neuroprotective effects of Withania somnifera Dunn. in hippocampal sub-regions of female albino rat. Phytother. Res., 15 (6), 544–548.

Singh, B., et al. 2001. Adaptogenic activity of a glyco-peptido-lipid fraction from the alcoholic extract of Trichopus zeylanicus Gaertn. Phytomedicine, 8, 283–291.

Singh, G., et al. 2001. Adaptogenic activity of a novel, withanolide-free aqueous fraction from the roots of Withania somnifera Dunn. Phytother. Res., 15 (4), 311–318.

Dhuley, J. 2000. Adaptogenic and cardioprotective action of ashwagandha in rats and frogs. J. Ethnopharmacol., 70 (1), 57–63.

Mishra, L-C., et al. 2000. Scientific basis for the therapeutic use of Withania somnifera (ashwagandha): A review. Altern. Med. Rev., 5 (4), 334–346.

Archana, R., & Namasivayam, A. 1999. Antistressor effect of Withania somnifera. J. Ethnopharmcol., 64 (1), 91–93.

Rege, N.-N., et al. 1999. Adaptogenic properties of six rasayana herbs used in Ayurvedic medicine. Phytother Res., 13 (4), 275–291.

Schauss, A., et al. 1998. Therapeutic applications of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) — popular ayurvedic botanical medicine. Nat. Med. J., 1, 16–19.

Schliebs, R., et al. 1997. Systemic administration of defined extracts from Withania somnifera (Indian Ginseng) and Shilajit differentially affects cholinergic but not glutamatergic and GABAnergic markers in rat brain. Neurochem. Int., 30 (2), 181–190.

al-Hindawi, M., et al. 1992. Anti-granuloma activity of Iraqi Withania somnifera. J. Ethnopharmacol., 37 (2), 113–116.

Mehta, A., et al. 1991. Pharmacologic effects of Withania somnifera root extract on GABAA receptor complex. Indian J. Med. Res., 94, 312–315.

Singh, N., et al. 1982. Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha), a rejuvenating herbal drug which enhances survival during stress (an adaptogen). Int. J. Crude Drug Res., 20, 29–35.

Passionflower

Miyasaka, L., et al. 2007. Passiflora for anxiety disorder. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. (1), CD004518.

Ulbricht, C., & Basch, E., Eds. 2005. Natural Standard Herb & Supplement Reference: Evidence-based Clinical Reviews. Natural Standard Research Collaboration. NY: Elsevier Mosby.

Dhawan, K., et al. 2003. Restoration of chronic-Delta 9-THC-induced decline in sexuality in male rats by a novel benzoflavone moiety from Passiflora incarnata Linn. Br. J. Pharmacol., 138 (1), 117–120.

Dhawan, K., et al. 2003. Attenuation of benzodiazepine dependence in mice by a tri-substituted benzoflavone moiety of Passiflora incarnata Linnaeus: A non-habit forming anxiolytic. J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci., 6 (2), 215–222.

Krenn, L. 2002. [Passion Flower (Passiflora incarnata L.) — a reliable herbal sedative.] Wien Med. Wochenschr., 152 (15–16), 404–406.

Dhawan, K., et al. 2002. Beneficial effects of chrysin and benzoflavone on virility in 2-year-old male rats. J. Med. Food, 5 (1), 43–48.

Dhawan, K., et al. 2002. Reversal of cannabinoids (delta9-THC) by the benzoflavone moiety from methanol extract of Passiflora incarnata Linnaeus in mice: A possible therapy for cannabinoid addiction. J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 54 (6), 875–881.

Dhawan, K., et al. 2002. Suppression of alcohol-cessation-oriented hyper-anxiety by the benzoflavone moiety of Passiflora incarnata Linnaeus in mice. J. Ethnopharmacol., 81 (2), 239–244.

Akhondzadeh, S., et al. 2001a. Passionflower in the treatment of opiates withdrawal: A double-blind randomized controlled trial. J. Clin. Pharm. Ther., 26, 369–373.

Akhondzadeh, S., et al. 2001b. Passionflower in the treatment of generalized anxiety: A pilot double-blind randomized controlled trial with oxazepam. J. Clin. Pharm. Ther., 26, 363–367.

Dhawan, K., et al. 2001. Anti-anxiety studies on extracts of Passiflora incarnata Linnaeus. J. Ethnopharmacol., 78 (2–3), 165–170.

Fisher, A., et al. 2000. Toxicity of Passiflora incarnata L. J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol., 38 (1), 63–66.

Soulimani, R., et al. 1997. Behavioral effects of Passiflora incarnata L. and its indole alkaloid and flavonoid derivatives and maltol in the mouse. J. Ethnopharmacol., 57, 11–20.

Lancel, M., et al. 1996. Progesterone induces changes in sleep comparable to those of agonistic GABAA receptor modulators. Am. J. Physiol., 271 (4 Pt. 1), E763–E772.

Chasteberry

Daniele, et al., 2005. Vitex agnus castus: A systematic review of adverse events. Drug Saf., 28, 319–332.

Natural Standard Research Collaboration. 2005. Chasteberry. In C. Ulbricht & E. Basch (Eds.), Natural standard herb and supplement reference: Evidence-based clinical reviews. NY: Mosby.

Liu, et al. 2004. Isolation of linoleic acid as an estrogenic compound from the fruits of Vitex agnus-castus L. (chaste-berry). Phytomedicine, 11, 18–23.

Blumenthal, et al. 2003. The ABC clinical guide to herbs. Austin, TX: American Botanical Council.

Jarry, H., et al. 2003. Evidence for estrogen receptor beta-selective activity of Vitex agnus-castus and isolated flavones. Planta Med., 69, 945–947.

Lucks, et al. 2002. Vitex agnus-castus essential oil and menopausal balance: A self-care survey. Complement. Ther. Nurs. Midwifery, 8, 148–154.

Schellenberg, 2001. Treatment for the premenstrual syndrome with agnus castus fruit extract: Prospective, randomised, placebo controlled study. BMJ, 322, 134–137.

Berger, et al. 2000. Efficacy of Vitex agnus castus L. extract Ze 440 in patients with pre-menstrual syndrome (PMS). Arch. Gynecol. Obstet., 264, 150–153.

Lauritzen, et al. 1997. Treatment of premenstrual tension syndrome with Vitex agnus castus: Controlled double-blind study versus pyridoxine. Phytomedicine, 4, 183–189.

Cahill, et al 1994. Multiple follicular development associated with herbal medicine. Human Reprod., 9, 1469–1470.

Jarry, et al. 1994. In vitro prolactin but not LH and FSH release is inhibited by compounds in extracts of Agnus castus: Direct evidence for a dopaminergic principle by the dopamine receptor assay. Exp. Clin. Endocrinol., 102, 448–454.

Milewicz, et al. 1993. Vitex agnus castus-Extrakt zur Behandlung von Regeltempoanomalien infolge latenter Hyperprolaktinamie. Arzneim.–Forsch./Drug Res., 43, 752–756.

Kudzu

Manonai, J., et al. 2008. Effects and safety of Pueraria mirifica on lipid profiles and biochemical markers of bone turnover rates in healthy postmenopausal women. Menopause, 15 (3), 530–535. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18202589 (accessed 01.30.2009).

Chandeying, V., et al. 2007. Challenges in the conduct of Thai herbal scientific study: Efficacy and safety of phytoestrogen, Pueraria mirifica (Kwao Keur Kao), phase I, in the alleviation of climacteric symptoms in perimenopausal women. J. Med. Assoc. Thai., 90 (7), 1274–1280. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17710964 (accessed 01.30.2009).

Chandeying, V., et al. 2007. Efficacy comparison of Pueraria mirifica (PM) against conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) with/without medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in the treatment of climacteric symptoms in perimenopausal women: Phase II study. J. Med. Assoc. Thai., 90 (9), 1720–1726. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17957910 (accessed 01.30.2009).

Cherdshewasart, W., et al. 2007. Major isoflavonoid contents of the phytoestrogen rich-herb Pueraria mirifica in comparison with Pueraria lobata. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 43 (2), 428–434.

Manonai, J., et al. 2007. Effect of Pueraria mirifica on vaginal health. Menopause, 14 (5), 919–924. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17415017 (accessed 01.30.2009).

Wong, R., & Rabie, B. 2007. Effect of puerarin on bone formation. Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 15 (8), 894–899.

Li, W.-Z., et al. 2006. [Studies on the effect of extracts of several Chinese herbal medicines and other medicines on alcohol dehydrogenase activity.] Zhong Yao Cai., 29 (8), 816–818.

Pawlyk, A., et al. 2006. Effects of the 5–HT2A antagonist mirtazapine in rat models of thermoregulation. Brain Res., 1123 (1), 135–144.

Penetar, D., et al. 2006. Pharmacokinetic profile of the isoflavone puerarin after acute and repeated administration of a novel kudzu extract to human volunteers. J. Altern. Complement. Med., 12, 543–548.

Zhang, S., et al. 2006. Reversal of chemical-induced liver fibrosis in Wistar rats by puerarin. J. Nutr. Biochem., 17 (7), 485–491.

Chiang, H.–M., et al. 2005. Life-threatening interaction between the root extract of Pueraria lobata and methotrexate in rats. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 209 (3), 263–268.

Kang, K.-A., et al. 2005. Protective effect of Puerariae radix on oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide and streptozotocin. Biol. Pharm. Bull., 28 (7), 1154–1160.

Kwon, H-J., et al. 2005. Amelioration effects of traditional Chinese medicine on alcohol-induced fatty liver. World J. Gastroenterol., 11 (35), 5512–5516.

Lukaczer, D., et al. 2005. Clinical effects of a proprietary combination isoflavone nutritional supplement in menopausal women: A pilot trial. Altern. Ther. Health Med., 11 (5), 60–65.

Zhang, C., et al. 2005. In vitro estrogenic activities of Chinese medicinal plants traditionally used for the management of menopausal symptoms. J. Ethnopharmacol., 98, 295–300.

Zhang, Y., et al. 2005. Analysis of the estrogenic components in kudzu root by bioassay and high performance liquid chromatography. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 94, 375–381.

Benlhabib, E., et al. 2004. Kudzu root extract suppresses voluntary alcohol intake and alcohol withdrawal symptoms in P rats receiving free access to water and alcohol. J. Med. Food, 7 (2), 168–179.

Chen, W., et al. 2004. Mediation of beta-endorphin by the isoflavone puerarin to lower plasma glucose in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Planta Med., 70 (2), 113–116.

Chueh, F., et al. 2004. Peurarin acts through brain seratonergic mechanisms to induce thermal effects. J. Pharmacol. Sci., 96 (4), 420–427.

Kim, O., et al. 2004. Establishment of in vitro test system for the evaluation of the estrogenic activities of natural products. Arch. Pharm. Res., 27, 906–911.

Lamlertkittikul, S., & Chandeying, V. 2004. Efficacy and safety of Pueraria mirifica (Kwao Kruea Khao) for the treatment of vasomotor symptoms in perimenopausal women: Phase II Study. J. Med. Assoc. Thai., 87 (1), 33–40.

Xu, X., et al. 2004. Effects of puerarin on learning-memory and amino acid transmitters of brain in ovariectomized mice. Planta Med., 70 (7), 627–631.

Hsu, F., et al. 2003. Antihyperglycemic effect of puerarin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J. Nat. Prod., 66 (6), 788–792.

Wang, X., et al. 2003. Puerariae radix prevents bone loss in ovariectomized mice. J. Bone Miner. Metab., 21, 268–275.

Woo, J., et al. 2003. Comparison of Pueraria lobata with hormone replacement therapy in treating the adverse health consequences of menopause. Menopause, 10 (4), 352–361.

Zheng, G., et al. 2002. [Estrogen-like effects of puerarin and total isoflavones from Pueraria lobata]. Zhong Yao Cai, 15 (8), 566–568.

Wild yam

Yoshikawa, M., et al. 2007. Medicinal flowers. XII. (1). New spirostane-type steroid saponins with antidiabetogenic activity from Borassus flabellifer. Chem. Pharm. Bull. (Tokyo), 55 (2), 308–316.

Jeon, J., et al. 2006. Effect of ethanol extract of dried Chinese yam (Dioscorea batatas) flour containing dioscin on gastrointestinal function in rat model. Arch. Pharm. Res., 29 (5), 348–353.

Sarchielli, P., et al. 2006. Practical considerations for the treatment of elderly patients with migraine. Drugs Aging, 23 (6), 461–489.

Ulbricht, C., & Basch, E., Eds. 2005. Natural Standard Herb & Supplement Reference: Evidence-based Clinical Reviews. Natural Standard Research Collaboration. NY: Elsevier Mosby.

Wu, W., et al. 2005. Estrogenic effect of yam ingestion in healthy postmenopausal women. J. Am. Coll. Nutr., 24, 235–243.

[No authors listed.] 2004. Final report of the amended safety assessment of Dioscorea villosa (wild yam) root extract. Int. J. Toxicol., 23 (Suppl. 2), 49–54.

Rahmintoola, H., et al. 2004. Reduction in the therapeutic intensity of abortive migraine drug use during ACE inhibition therapy — a pilot study. Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf., 13 (1), 41–47.

Benghuzzi, H., et al. 2003. The effects of sustained delivery of diosgenin on the adrenal gland of female rats. Biomed. Sci. Instrum., 39, 335–340.

Kwon, C., et al. 2003. Anti-obesity effect of Dioscorea nipponica Makino with lipase-inhibitory activity in rodents. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 67 (7), 1451–1456.

Hsu, F., et al. 2002. Both dioscorin, the tuber storage protein of yam (Dioscorea alata cv. Tainong No. 1), and its peptic hydrolysates exhibited angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory activities.

Bender, W. 1995. ACE inhibitors for prophylaxis of migraine headaches. Headache, 35 (8), 470–471.

Black cohosh

Palacio C., et al. 2009. Black cohosh for the management of menopausal symptoms: A systematic review of clinical trials. Drugs Aging, 26 (1), 23–36. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19102512 (accessed 01.30.2009).

Borelli, F., & Ernst, E. 2008. Black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) for menopausal symptoms: A systematic review of its efficacy. Pharmacol. Res., 58 (1), 8-14. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18585461 (accessed 01.30.2009).

Kanadys, W., et al. 2008. [Efficacy and safety of black cohosh (Actaea/Cimicifuga racemosa) in the treatment of vasomotor symptoms — review of clinical trials.] Ginekol. Pol., 79 (4), 287–296. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18592868 (accessed 01.30.2009).

Ruhlen, R., et al. 2007. Black cohosh does not exert an estrogenic effect on the breast. Nutr. Cancer, 59 (2), 269–277. URL (abstract): http://www.leaonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01635580701506968 (accessed 11.28.2007).

Bai, W., et al. 2007. Efficacy and tolerability of a medicinal product containing an isopropanolic black cohosh extract in Chinese women with menopausal symptoms: A randomized, double blind, parallel-controlled study versus tibolone. Maturitas. [Epub ahead of print.]

Walji, R., et al. 2007. Black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa [L.] Nutt.): Safety and efficacy for cancer patients. Supportive Care in Cancer. [Epub ahead of print.]

Li, J., & Yu, Z. 2006. Cimicifugae rhizoma: From origins, bioactive constituents to clinical outcomes. Curr. Med. Chem., 13 (24), 2927–2951.

Minciullo, P., et al. 2006. Muscle damage induced by black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa). Phytomedicine, 13, 115–118.

Newton, K., et al. 2006. Treatment of vasomotor symptoms of menopause with black cohosh, multibotanicals, soy, hormone therapy, or placebo: A randomized trial. Ann. Intern. Med., 145, 869–879.

Radowicki, S., et al. 2006. [Effectiveness and safety of the treatment of menopausal syndrome with Cimicifuga racemosa dry extract.] Ginekol. Pol., 77 (9), 678–683.

Raus, K., et al. 2006. First-time proof of endometrial safety of the special black cohosh extract (Actaea or Cimicifuga racemosa extract) CR BNO 1055. Menopause, 13 (4), 678–691.

Wuttke, W., et al. 2006. Effects of black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) on bone turnover, vaginal mucosa, and various blood parameters in postmenopausal women: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, and conjugated estrogens-controlled study. Menopause, 13 (2), 185–196.

Frei-Kleiner, S., et al. 2005. Cimicifuga racemosa dried ethanolic extract in menopausal disorders: A double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Maturitas, 51, 397–404.

Mahady, G. 2005. Black cohosh (Actaea/Cimicifuga racemosa): Review of the clinical data for safety and efficacy in menopausal symptoms. Treat. Endocrinol., 4 (3), 177–184.

Nappi, R., et al. 2005. Efficacy of Cimicifuga racemosa on climacteric complaints: A randomized study versus low-dose transdermal estradiol. Gynecol. Endocrinol., 20, 30–35.

Ulbricht, C., & Basch, E., Eds. 2005. Natural Standard Herb & Supplement Reference: Evidence-based Clinical Reviews. Natural Standard Research Collaboration. NY: Elsevier Mosby.

Vermes, G., et al. 2005. The effects of Remifemin on subjective symptoms of menopause. Adv. Ther., 22 (2), 148–154.

Pockaj, B., et al. 2004. Pilot evaluation of black cohosh for the treatment of hot flashes in women. Cancer Invest., 22 (4), 515–521.

Cohen, S., et al. 2004. Autoimmune hepatitis associated with the use of black cohosh: A case study. Menopause, 11, 575–577.

Lontos, S., et al. 2003. Acute liver failure associated with the use of herbal preparations containing black cohosh. Med. J. Aust., 179, 390–391.

Seidlová–Wuttke, D., et al. 2003. Evidence for selective estrogen receptor modulator activity in a black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) extract: Comparison with estradiol17b. Eur. J. Endocrinol., 149 (4), 351–362.

Wuttke, W., et al. 2003. Phytoestrogens: Endocrine disrupters or replacement for hormone replacement therapy? Maturitas, 44 (Suppl. 1), S9–S20.

Wuttke, W., et al. 2003. The Cimicifuga preparation BNO 1055 vs. conjugated estrogens in a double-blind placebo-controlled study: Effects on menopause symptoms and bone markers. Maturitas, 44 (Suppl. 1), S67–S77.

Liske, E., et al. 2002. Physiological investigation of a unique extract of black cohosh (Cimicifugae racemosae rhizoma): A 6-month clinical study demonstrates no systemic estrogenic effect. J. Women’s Health Gend. Based Med., 11, 163–174.

Winterhoff, H., et al. 2002. [Pharmacologic and clinical studies using Cimicifuga racemosa in climacteric complaints.] Wien Med. Wochenschr., 152 (15–16), 360–363.

Whiting, P., et al. 2002. Black cohosh and other herbal remedies associated with acute hepatitis. Med. J. Aust., 177, 440–443.

 

Last Modified: 10/14/2009