Fatigue & insomnia
RLS & PLMD — References & further reading
References
1 Thomas, K., & Watson, C. 2008. Restless legs syndrome in women: A review. Women’s Health (Larchmt.), 17 (5), 859–868. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18537487 (accessed 09.06.2008).
2 [No author listed.] 2007. Editorial. Not all that it seems: The public deserves more discriminating reporting of medical research. New Scientist, 2614, 5. URL (paid access): http://www.newscientist.com/channel/health/mg19526142.900-editorial-a-gene-for-restless-legs.html (accessed 08.28.2008).
3 Dodd, M., et al. 2005. Pathological gambling caused by drugs used to treat Parkinson Disease. Arch. Neurol., 62 (9), 1377–1381. URL: http://archneur.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/62.9.noc50009v1 (accessed 08.29.2008).
4 Patrick, L. 2007. Restless leg syndrome: Pathophysiology and the role of iron and folate. Alt. Med. Rev., 12 (2), 101–112. URL (PDF): http://www.thorne.com/altmedrev/.fulltext/12/2/101.pdf (accessed 08.25.2008).
5 Allen, R., et al. 2003. Restless legs syndrome: Diagnostic criteria, special considerations, and epidemiology. A report from the restless legs syndrome diagnosis and epidemiology workshop at the National Institutes of Health. Sleep Med., 4 (2), 101–19. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14592341 (accessed 08.29.2008).
6 Thomas, K., & Watson, C. 2008.
Poceta, S. RLS and PLMS — Blogs. URL: http://www.revolutionhealth.com/blogs/stevepocetamd/rls-and-plms-6199 (accessed 09.06.2008).
7 Patrick, L. 2007.
Allen, R. 2004. Dopamine and iron in the pathophysiology of restless legs syndrome (RLS). Sleep Med., 5, 385–391. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15222997 (accessed 09.06.2008).
Trenkwalder, C., et al. 1996. Clinical symptoms and possible anticipation in a large kindred of familial restless legs syndrome. Mov. Disord., 11 (4), 389–394. URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8813218 (accessed 08.29.2008).
8 Trenkwalder, C., et al. 1996.
9 Allen, R., & Earley, C. 2001. Restless legs syndrome: A review of clinical and pathophysiologic features. J. Clin. Neurophysiol., 18 (2), 128–147. URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11435804 (accessed 08.29.2008).
10 Hagan, M., et al. 1999. Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma leptin measurements: Covariability with dopamine and cortisol in fasting humans. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 84 (10), 3579–3585. URL: http://jcem.endojournals.org/cgi/content/full/84/10/3579 (accessed 08.29.2008).
11 Patrick, L. 2007.
12 Vandeputte, M., & de Weerd, A. 2003. Sleep disorders and depressive feelings: A global survey with the Beck depression scale. Sleep Med., 4 (4), 343–345. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14592308 (accessed 08.29.2008).
13 Yang, C., et al. 2005. Antidepressants and periodic leg movements of sleep. URL: Biol. Psychiatry, 58 (6), 510–504. URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16005440 (accessed 09.06.2008).
14 Portas, C., et al. 2000. Serotonin and the sleep/wake cycle: Special emphasis on microdialysis studies. URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10622375 (accessed 08.29.2008).
15 Trotti, L., et al. 2008. An update on the pathophysiology and genetics of restless legs syndrome. Curr. Neurol. Neurosci. Rep., 8 (4), 281–287. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18590611 (accessed 08.29.2008).
16 Vilariño-Güell, C., et al. 2008. A genetic risk factor for periodic limb movements in sleep. Letter. NEJM, 358 (4), 425–428. URL: http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/358/4/425 (accessed 08.29.2008).
Stefansson, H., et al. 2007. A genetic risk factor for periodic limb movements in sleep. NEJM, 357 (7), 639–647. URL: http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/abstract/357/7/639 (accessed 08.29.2008).
17 [No author listed.] 2007. Editorial. Not all that it seems: the public deserves more discriminating reporting of medical research. New Scientist, 2614, 5. URL (paid access): http://www.newscientist.com/channel/health/mg19526142.900-editorial-a-gene-for-restless-legs.html (accessed 08.28.2008).
18 Trenkwalder, et al. 1996.
19 Patrick, L. 2007.
Earley, C., & Allen, R. 2006. Restless legs syndrome augmentation associated with tramadol. Sleep Med., 7 (7), 592–593. URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16926116 (accessed 08.28.2008).
Prospero–Garcia, K., et al. 2006. Fluoxetine-mirtazapine interaction may induce restless legs syndrome: Report of three cases from a clinical trial. J. Clin. Psychiatry., 67 (11), 1820. URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17196069 (accessed 08.28.2008).
Bakshi, R. 1996. Fluoxetine and restless legs syndrome. J. Neurol. Sci., 142 (1–2), 151–152 URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8902736 (accessed 08.28.2008).
Terao, T., et al. 1991. Restless legs syndrome induced by lithium. Biol. Psychiatry, 30 (11), 1167–1170. URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1777530 (accessed 08.28.2008).
20 New Scientist. 2007.
21 Haba–Tubio, J., et al. 2005. Restless legs syndrome and low brain iron levels in patients with haemochromatosis. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 76 (7), 1009–1010. URL: http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pubmed&pubmedid=15965214 (accessed 09.03.2008).
22 Minihane, A., & Fairweather–Tait, S. 1998. Effect of calcium supplementation on daily nonheme-iron absorption and long-term iron status. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 68 (1), 96–102. URL (PDF): http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/reprint/68/1/96.pdf (accessed 09.06.2008).
Hallberg, L. 1998. Does calcium interfere with iron absorption? Editorial. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 68 (1), 3–4. URL (PDF): http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/reprint/68/1/3.pdf (accessed 09.06.2008).
23 Barton, J., et al. 2001. Hemochromatosis and iron therapy of restless legs syndrome. Sleep Med., 2 (3), 249–251. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11311689 (accessed 09.03.2008).
24 Manconi, M., et al. 2004. Pregnancy as a risk factor for restless legs syndrome. Sleep Med., 5 (3), 305-308. URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15165540 (accessed 08.28.2008).
25 Botez, M, et al. 1976. Neurologic disorders responsive to folic acid therapy. Can. Med. Assoc. J., 115 (3), 217-223. URL: http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pubmed&pubmedid=953882 (accessed 08.29.2008).
26 Patrick, L. 2007.
27 Botto, L, & Yang, Q. 2000. 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene variants and congenital anomalies: A HuGE review. Am. J. Epidem., 151 (9), 862-877. URL: http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/151/9/862 (accessed 09.06.2008).
28 [No author listed.] 2006. News from the SLEEP 2006 20th anniversary meeting of the Associated Professional Sleep Societies. URL: http://www.searchmedica.com/xmlresource.do?c=ps&ss=defLink&p=Convera&rid=ds1-va:p:1020t:12740200:22cd791de988a803:47e02c7d&t=psychiatrictimes (accessed 08.27.2008).
Hornyak M., et al. 1998. Magnesium therapy for periodic leg movements-related insomnia and restless legs syndrome: An open pilot study. Sleep, 21(5), 501–505.
[No author listed.] 2006. News from the SLEEP 2006 20th anniversary meeting of the Associated Professional Sleep Societies.
References on risk factors for RLS:
1 Patrick, L. 2007.
2 Zucconi, M., & Ferini–Strambi, L. 2004. Epidemiology and clinical findings of restless legs syndrome. Sleep Med., 5, 293–299.
Nichols, D., et al. 2003. Restless legs syndrome symptoms in primary care: A prevalence study. Arch. Intern. Med., 163, 2323–2329.
Hening, W., et al. 2003. Impact of restless legs syndrome (RLS) on sleep: The REST (RLS Epidemiology, Symptoms and Treatment) Study in Primary Care. Sleep Med., 26A332.
Hogl, B., et al. 2005. Restless legs syndrome: A community-based study of prevalence, severity, and risk factors. Neurology, 64, 1920–1924.
Bjorvatn, B., et al. 2005. Prevalence, severity, and risk factors of restless legs syndrome in the general adult population in two Scandinavian countries. Sleep Med., 6, 307–312.
Lavigne, G., & Montplaisir, J. 1994. Restless legs syndrome and sleep bruxism: Prevalence and association among Canadians. Sleep, 17, 739–743.
3 Silber, M., & Richardson, J. 2003. Multiple blood donations associated with iron deficiency in patients with restless legs syndrome. Mayo Clin. Proc., 78, 52–54. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12528877 (accessed 08.28.2008).
4 Banerji, N, & Hurwitz, L. 1970. Restless legs syndrome, with particular reference to its occurrence after gastric surgery. Br. Med. J., 4 (5738), 774–775. URL: http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pubmed&pubmedid=5497406 (accessed 08.28.2008).
Further reading
Restless Legs Syndrome Foundation. This is a non-profit organization whose goals are to increase awareness, improve treatments, and through research, find a cure for RLS. Website: http://www.rls.org
To learn more about the side effects of pharmaceutical drugs used for RLS:
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Restless legs syndrome and periodic leg movements in sleep disorder
Original Publication Date: 09/15/2008
Last Modified: 08/17/2009
Principal Author: Marcella Sweet