Digestion & GI health
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) — References & further reading
1 National Women’s Health Information Center, US Department of Health and Human Services. Irritable bowel syndrome. URL: http://www.4women.gov/FAQ/ibs.htm (accessed 03.06.2008).
2 Kennedy, T., et al. 2005. Cognitive behavioral therapy in addition to antispasmodic treatment for irritable bowel syndrome in primary care: Randomised controlled trial. BMJ, 331 (7514), 435. URL: http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/331/7514/435 (accessed 03.06.2008).
3 Manning, A., et al. 1978. Towards positive diagnosis of the irritable bowel. Brit. Med. J., 2 (6138), 654–655. URL (full text): http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pubmed&pubmedid=698649 (accessed 03.06.2008).
Watson, B., & Smith, L. 2004. Gut Solutions: Natural Solutions to Your Digestive Problems, p. 139. Clearwater, FL: Renew Life Press.
4 Bercik, P., et al. 2005. Is irritable bowel syndrome a low-grade inflammatory bowel disease? Gastroenterol. Clin. North Am., 34 (2), 235–245, vi–vii. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15862932 (accessed 02.28.2008).
5 Familydoctor.org editorial staff. 2006. Inflammatory bowel disease. What is inflammatory bowel disease. URL: http://familydoctor.org/online/famdocen/home/common/digestive/disorders/252.html (accessed 03.06.2008).
6 Talley, N. 2006. A unifying hypothesis for the functional gastrointestinal disorders: Really multiple disease or one irritable gut? Rev. Gastroenterol. Disord., 6 (2) ,72–78. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16699476 (accessed 03.06.2008).
7 Gershon, M. 1999. The Second Brain, p. 187. NY: Harper Collins.
8 Natural Standard. 2008. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). URL: www.naturalstandard.com/monographs/conditions/condition-irritablebowelsyndrome (accessed 02.20.2008).
9 Chang. L. 2006. From Rome to Los Angeles — The Rome III Criteria for the gunctional GI disorders. URL (PDF): http://www.romecriteria.org/pdfs/RomeCritieraLaunch.pdf (accessed 03.06.2008).
10 Enck, P., & Martens, U. 2008. The next consensus for the irritable bowel syndrome has to be interdisciplinary. Z. Gastroenterol., 46 (2), 211–215. URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18253901 (accessed 03.06.2008).
11 Santelmann, H., & Howard, J. 2005. Yeast metabolic products, yeast antigens and yeasts as possible triggers for irritable bowel syndrome. Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol., 17 (1), 21–26. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15647635 (accessed 03.06.2008).
12 Lipski, E. 2004. Digestive Wellness. 3rd ed., p. 256. NY: McGraw Hill.
13 Ford, A., et al. 2009. Yield of diagnostic tests for celiac disease in individuals with symptoms suggestive of irritable bowel syndrome. Arch. Intern. Med., 169 (7), 651–658. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/19364994 (accessed 07.06.2009).
“The prevalence of biopsy-proven celiac disease in individuals who met diagnostic criteria for IBS was fourfold higher than for controls without IBS,” says Ford, who works at McMaster University, Canada. “Celiac disease should therefore be sought out and excluded before labeling individuals as suffering from IBS,” he continues.
“Future research should examine whether the increased prevalence of celiac disease in IBS is constant across the various subgroups of patients with IBS,” concludes Ford.
14 Parry, S., et al. 2003. Does bacterial gastroenteritis predispose people to functional gastrointestinal disorders? A prospective, community-based, case-control study. Am. J. Gastroenterol., 98 (9), 1970–1975. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14499773 (accessed 03.06.2007).
15 Ruigómez, A., et al. 2007. Risk of irritable bowel syndrome after an episode of bacterial gastroenteritis in general practice: Influence of comorbidities. Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol., 5 (4), 465–469. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17445753 (accessed 02.28.2008).
16 Mearin, F., et al. 2005. Dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome after a Salmonella gastroenteritis outbreak: One-year follow-up cohort study. Gastroenterology, 129 (1), 98–104. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16012939 (accessed 02.28.2008).
17 Marshall, J., et al. 2006. Incidence and epidemiology of irritable bowel syndrome after a large waterborne outbreak of bacterial dysentery. Gastroenterol., 131 (2), 445–450, quiz 660. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16890598 (accessed 02.28.2008).
18 Marshall, J., et al. Postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome after a food-borne outbreak of acute gastroenteritis attributed to a viral pathogen. Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol., 5 (4), 457–460. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17289440 (accessed 02.28.2008).
19 Snider Sachs, J. 2005. Are antibiotics killing us? Discover, 26 (10). URL (full text): http://discovermagazine.com/2005/nov/are-antibiotics-killing (accessed 03.06.2007).
20 Lipski, E. 2004. Digestive Wellness. 3rd ed., 254. NY: McGraw Hill.
21 Cui, N. et al. 2006. [Association of peripheral blood estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone levels with irritable bowel syndrome.] Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao, 26 (3), 367–368. URL (full-text PDF, in Chinese): http://www.jfmmu.com/pdf2/200603/200603367.pdf (accessed 03.06.2008).
The authors state in the abstract:
“In the female patients, blood estradiol level was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05), whereas blood progesterone and testosterone levels had no significant differences between the two groups (P>0.05).... CONCLUSION: Peripheral blood ... estradiol level[s] in female patients are lower than those of healthy subjects, suggesting that IBS might be associated with blood sex hormone disorder.”
22 Lagus, J., et al. 2007. The central role of gastrointestinal-specific anxiety in irritable bowel syndrome: Further validation of the Visceral Sensitivity Index. Psychosom. Med., 69 (1), 89–98. URL (abstract): http://www.psychosomaticmedicine.org/cgi/content/abstract/69/1/89 (accessed 02.28.2008).
23 Lumpkin, M. 2007. 21st century endocrinology: Thyroid and adrenal as sentinel organs. IFM Conference CD #6. Tucson, AZ, 05/23–05/26/2007.
24 Lipski, E. 2004. Digestive Wellness. 3rd ed., 28. NY: McGraw Hill.
25 Gershon, M. 1999.The Second Brain, p. 17. NY: Harper Collins.
26 Berman, S., et al. 2008. Reduced brainstem inhibition during anticipated pelvic visceral pain correlates with enhanced brain response to the visceral stimulus in women with irritable bowel syndrome. J. Neurosci., 28 (2), 349–359. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18184777 (accessed 03.06.2008).
Chang, L. 2005. Brain responses to visceral and somatic stimuli in irritable bowel syndrome: A central nervous system disorder? Gastroenterol. Clin. North Am., 34 (2), 271–279. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15862935 (accessed 03.06.2008).
27 Lipski, E. Digestive Wellness. 3rd ed., p. 256. NY: McGraw Hill.
28 Kajander, K., et al. 2008. Clinical trial: Multispecies probiotic supplementation alleviates the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome and stabilizes intestinal microbiota. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 27 (1), 48–57. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17919270 (accessed 03.03.2008).
Kajander, K., & Korpela, R. Clinical studies on alleviating the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome. Asia Pac. J. Clin. Nutr., 15 (4), 576–580. URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17077079 (accessed 03.03.2008).
Whorwell, P., et al. 2006. Efficacy of an encapsulated probiotic Bifidobacterium infantis 35624 in women with irritable bowel syndrome. Am. J. Gastroenterol., 101 (7), 1581–1590. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16863564 (accessed 03.03.2008).
29 Lackner, J., et al. 2007. How does cognitive behavior therapy for irritable bowel syndrome work? A mediational analysis of a randomized clinical trial. Gastroenterology, 13 (2), 433–444. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17681164 (accessed 03.06.2008).
Kennedy, T., et al. 2006. Cognitive behavioural therapy in addition to antispasmodic therapy for irritable bowel syndrome in primary care: Randomised controlled trial. Health Technol. Assess., 10 (19), iii–iv, ix–x, 1–67. URL (abstract): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16729918 (accessed 03.06.2008).
30 Lipski, E. 1999. Digestive Wellness, 32. NY: McGraw–Hill.
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Irritable bowel syndrome
Original Publication Date: 04/08/2008
Last Modified: 10/20/2009
Principal Author: Marcella Sweet